A generalized way to represent flexibility in electricity demand and supply.
A FlexOffer describes how much energy a device, building, or portfolio can shift, and by how much, as a single object with a preferred baseline and a min–max flexibility band. That common format lets flexibility be aggregated, priced, scheduled, and traded the same way regardless of what's underneath it — a heat pump, an EV, a battery, or a factory process.
One object, three properties that make it reusable across the whole system
Time and amount, together
Per time slice, a FlexOffer states a minimum and maximum energy amount plus a preferred baseline — one object instead of separate power and energy models to reconcile.
Device-independent
The same format covers heat pumps, EV chargers, batteries, industrial loads and whole buildings, so an aggregator doesn't need a bespoke model per device type.
Built for the full chain
One FlexOffer can be generated, aggregated with others, priced, scheduled, and disaggregated back to the originating device — the same object, start to finish.
The FlexOffer lifecycle
A resource issues a FlexOffer
A heat pump, EV charger, battery or process describes a time window with a min–max energy band and a preferred baseline.
Offers are grouped
An aggregator combines many FlexOffers into market-sized volumes, keeping as much of the underlying flexibility as it can.
The volume is matched
The aggregated volume is matched against demand or a market signal, priced, and assigned a concrete schedule.
Schedules return to devices
The resulting schedule is broken back down into exact instructions for each originating device.
Start with these six
A suggested reading order into the framework: a concept overview, a GOFLEX report, an introductory slide deck, an IoT-framework paper, then the TOTALFLEX and MIRABEL project reports for historical grounding.
Developed and field-tested through real EU and Danish research projects
From MIRABEL's original flex-object model through GOFLEX's deployment to 500+ prosumers across three European cities, to the ongoing FED, FEVER and domOS projects — the FlexOffer concept has been shaped by repeated contact with real prosumers, aggregators and grid operators, not just simulation.